See gradus on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
],
[
"grade",
"grade#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grade"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of grade",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Gradus ad Parnassum (Latin, literally, a step to Parnassus), a 17th-century prosody dictionary long used in British schools. Doublet of grade.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "graduses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gradus (plural graduses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A handbook used as an aid in a difficult art or practice, specifically, a dictionary of Greek or Latin prosody used as a guide in writing of poetry in Greek or Latin."
],
"id": "en-gradus-en-noun-WRXBIyrl",
"links": [
[
"handbook",
"handbook"
],
[
"aid",
"aid"
],
[
"art",
"art"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"dictionary",
"dictionary"
],
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"Latin",
"Latin"
],
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
],
[
"guide",
"guide"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gradus ad Parnassum"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹeɪdəs/"
}
],
"word": "gradus"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"Gradus ad Parnassum",
"w:Gradus ad Parnassum"
],
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
],
[
"grade",
"grade#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Gradus ad Parnassum",
"lit": "a step to Parnassus"
},
"expansion": "Ellipsis of Gradus ad Parnassum (literally “a step to Parnassus”)",
"name": "ellipsis"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grade"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of grade",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ellipsis of Gradus ad Parnassum (literally “a step to Parnassus”), a 17th-century prosody dictionary long used in British schools. Doublet of grade.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gradus m (invariable)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gradus"
],
"id": "en-gradus-fr-noun-UkxEADu0",
"links": [
[
"gradus",
"gradus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 69",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 31 9 3 3 28 3 3 6 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any books of instruction, or guides, in which gradual progress in literature, language instruction, music, or the arts in general, is sought"
],
"id": "en-gradus-fr-noun-jmt7NHcY",
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gradus ad Parnassum"
],
"word": "gradus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gradālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gradārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gradātim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gradātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gradātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gradilis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "grau"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grao"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "grau"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "grado"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "gra"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grao"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grau"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "grao"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grao"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grau"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "graao"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "grado"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "grado"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "grada"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "grada"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "grada"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "grada"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "grasa"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*grada"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "degré"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "dégré"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "degree"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "degree"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "degre"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "degré"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "degrà"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "degrau"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*dēgradus"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gradus"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grado"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grádics"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grádus"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grad"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grade"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grade"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grade"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Grad"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from Gallo-Romance"
],
"word": "grād"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "grádh"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"with d replacing expected dh under English and French influence"
],
"word": "grád"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "grád"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grád"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "gráða"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from Gallo-Romance"
],
"sense": "step, degree; podium",
"word": "gráða"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grado"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "gradh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Cornish",
"lang_code": "oco",
"word": "grat"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "gradd"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "grað"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*grað"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gradus",
"word": "градус"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grad"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*graðus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/graðus"
],
[
"*gʰredʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰredʰ-"
],
[
"gradior",
"gradior#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*graðus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *graðus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰredʰ-",
"t": "to walk, go"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *graðus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). See gradior (“to step, walk”) for discussion on cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gradus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graduum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graduī",
"links": [
[
"graduī",
"gradui#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gradibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gradum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gradū",
"links": [
[
"gradū",
"gradu#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gradibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gradus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "gradus<4>"
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"name": "la-ndecl"
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],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gradior"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 10 12 9 10 10 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a step, pace"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-0ZvqELsF",
"links": [
[
"step",
"step"
],
[
"pace",
"pace"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 10 12 9 10 10 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a grade"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-YjKzXBI8",
"links": [
[
"grade",
"grade"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a stage, degree"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-KIZE6vdI",
"links": [
[
"stage",
"stage"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 31 9 3 3 28 3 3 6 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 32 5 2 2 42 2 2 4 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 2 2 46 2 2 10 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 10 12 9 10 10 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a rank"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-6wnkRGuW",
"links": [
[
"rank",
"rank"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ōrdō"
},
{
"word": "classis"
},
{
"word": "sors"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a position, station, ground"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-l2f4HT69",
"links": [
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"station",
"station"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a position, station, ground"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"firm position, stand"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-ZlJTi1F4",
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 10 12 9 10 10 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a step, stair, rung of a ladder"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-pZ232q~k",
"links": [
[
"step",
"step"
],
[
"stair",
"stair"
],
[
"rung",
"rung"
],
[
"ladder",
"ladder"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a braid of hair"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-F5uCVoM0",
"links": [
[
"braid",
"braid"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "la:Mathematics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 10 12 9 10 10 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
35
],
[
155,
163
],
[
188,
194
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
53,
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],
[
53,
60
],
[
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],
"english": "A motion, or location, for a sign, being composed of degrees, minutes, and seconds, is understood (according to the rule of Alphonse) to be a physical sign, that is, every sign is composed of 60 degrees, and every degree of 60 minutes, and every minute of 60 seconds, and so on and so forth: and in consequence, six signs make up an entire circle.",
"ref": "1553, Luminarum atque Planetarum motuum Tabulae octogina quinque, omnium ex his quae Alphonsum sequuntur quam faciles:",
"text": "Motus, seu locus, per signa, gradus, minuta, et secunda constitutus, intelligitur (secundum regulam Alphonsi) signa physica, id est quodlibet signum ex 60 gradibus compositum, et quilibet gradus ex 60 minutis, et quodlibet minutum ex 60 secundis, et sic succesivem: et per consequens, sex signa totum circulum perficiunt.",
"translation": "A motion, or location, for a sign, being composed of degrees, minutes, and seconds, is understood (according to the rule of Alphonse) to be a physical sign, that is, every sign is composed of 60 degrees, and every degree of 60 minutes, and every minute of 60 seconds, and so on and so forth: and in consequence, six signs make up an entire circle.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"degree"
],
"id": "en-gradus-la-noun-swin9Du6",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) degree"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡra.dʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡraː.dus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "gradus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"rfe": "1"
},
"expansion": "(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. )",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. )",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gradus m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovian Borderland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Temperature",
"orig": "pl:Temperature",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frozen, frosty ground"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "ziemia"
}
],
"id": "en-gradus-pl-noun-~ijO-4Ej",
"links": [
[
"frozen",
"frozen"
],
[
"frosty",
"frosty"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Masovian Borderland) frozen, frosty ground"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡra.dus]",
"note": "Masovian Borderland"
}
],
"word": "gradus"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
],
[
"grade",
"grade#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grade"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of grade",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Gradus ad Parnassum (Latin, literally, a step to Parnassus), a 17th-century prosody dictionary long used in British schools. Doublet of grade.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "graduses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gradus (plural graduses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English undefined derivations",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"A handbook used as an aid in a difficult art or practice, specifically, a dictionary of Greek or Latin prosody used as a guide in writing of poetry in Greek or Latin."
],
"links": [
[
"handbook",
"handbook"
],
[
"aid",
"aid"
],
[
"art",
"art"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"dictionary",
"dictionary"
],
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"Latin",
"Latin"
],
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
],
[
"guide",
"guide"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gradus ad Parnassum"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹeɪdəs/"
}
],
"word": "gradus"
}
{
"categories": [
"French countable nouns",
"French doublets",
"French ellipses",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French indeclinable nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French links with redundant alt parameters",
"French links with redundant wikilinks",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"Gradus ad Parnassum",
"w:Gradus ad Parnassum"
],
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
],
[
"grade",
"grade#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Gradus ad Parnassum",
"lit": "a step to Parnassus"
},
"expansion": "Ellipsis of Gradus ad Parnassum (literally “a step to Parnassus”)",
"name": "ellipsis"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grade"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of grade",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ellipsis of Gradus ad Parnassum (literally “a step to Parnassus”), a 17th-century prosody dictionary long used in British schools. Doublet of grade.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gradus m (invariable)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gradus"
],
"links": [
[
"gradus",
"gradus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"any books of instruction, or guides, in which gradual progress in literature, language instruction, music, or the arts in general, is sought"
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gradus ad Parnassum"
],
"word": "gradus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin fourth declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gradālis"
},
{
"word": "gradārius"
},
{
"word": "gradātim"
},
{
"word": "gradātiō"
},
{
"word": "gradātus"
},
{
"word": "gradilis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "grau"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grao"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "grau"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "grado"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "gra"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grao"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grau"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "grao"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "grao"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "grau"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "graao"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "grado"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "grado"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "grada"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "grada"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "grada"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "grada"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "grasa"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*grada"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "degré"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "dégré"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "degree"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "degree"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "degre"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "degré"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "degrà"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "degrau"
}
],
"lang": "Vulgar Latin",
"lang_code": "la-vul",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*dēgradus"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gradus"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grado"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grádics"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grádus"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grad"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "grade"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grade"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grade"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Grad"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from Gallo-Romance"
],
"word": "grād"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "grádh"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"with d replacing expected dh under English and French influence"
],
"word": "grád"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "grád"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grád"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "gráða"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"from Gallo-Romance"
],
"sense": "step, degree; podium",
"word": "gráða"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grado"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "gradh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Cornish",
"lang_code": "oco",
"word": "grat"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "gradd"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "grað"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*grað"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gradus",
"word": "градус"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "grad"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*graðus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/graðus"
],
[
"*gʰredʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰredʰ-"
],
[
"gradior",
"gradior#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*graðus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *graðus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰredʰ-",
"t": "to walk, go"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *graðus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). See gradior (“to step, walk”) for discussion on cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gradus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graduum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graduī",
"links": [
[
"graduī",
"gradui#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gradibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gradum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gradū",
"links": [
[
"gradū",
"gradu#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gradibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gradus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gradūs",
"links": [
[
"gradūs",
"gradus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gradus<4>"
},
"expansion": "gradus m (genitive gradūs); fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gradus<4>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gradior"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a step, pace"
],
"links": [
[
"step",
"step"
],
[
"pace",
"pace"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a grade"
],
"links": [
[
"grade",
"grade"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a stage, degree"
],
"links": [
[
"stage",
"stage"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a rank"
],
"links": [
[
"rank",
"rank"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ōrdō"
},
{
"word": "classis"
},
{
"word": "sors"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a position, station, ground"
],
"links": [
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"station",
"station"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a position, station, ground"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"firm position, stand"
],
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a step, stair, rung of a ladder"
],
"links": [
[
"step",
"step"
],
[
"stair",
"stair"
],
[
"rung",
"rung"
],
[
"ladder",
"ladder"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a braid of hair"
],
"links": [
[
"braid",
"braid"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"la:Mathematics"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
35
],
[
155,
163
],
[
188,
194
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
53,
59
],
[
53,
60
],
[
195,
201
],
[
195,
202
],
[
214,
220
]
],
"english": "A motion, or location, for a sign, being composed of degrees, minutes, and seconds, is understood (according to the rule of Alphonse) to be a physical sign, that is, every sign is composed of 60 degrees, and every degree of 60 minutes, and every minute of 60 seconds, and so on and so forth: and in consequence, six signs make up an entire circle.",
"ref": "1553, Luminarum atque Planetarum motuum Tabulae octogina quinque, omnium ex his quae Alphonsum sequuntur quam faciles:",
"text": "Motus, seu locus, per signa, gradus, minuta, et secunda constitutus, intelligitur (secundum regulam Alphonsi) signa physica, id est quodlibet signum ex 60 gradibus compositum, et quilibet gradus ex 60 minutis, et quodlibet minutum ex 60 secundis, et sic succesivem: et per consequens, sex signa totum circulum perficiunt.",
"translation": "A motion, or location, for a sign, being composed of degrees, minutes, and seconds, is understood (according to the rule of Alphonse) to be a physical sign, that is, every sign is composed of 60 degrees, and every degree of 60 minutes, and every minute of 60 seconds, and so on and so forth: and in consequence, six signs make up an entire circle.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"degree"
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) degree"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡra.dʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡraː.dus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "gradus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"rfe": "1"
},
"expansion": "(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. )",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. )",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gradus m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Masovian Borderland Polish",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for etymologies in Polish entries",
"pl:Temperature"
],
"glosses": [
"frozen, frosty ground"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "ziemia"
}
],
"links": [
[
"frozen",
"frozen"
],
[
"frosty",
"frosty"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Masovian Borderland) frozen, frosty ground"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡra.dus]",
"note": "Masovian Borderland"
}
],
"word": "gradus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gradus meaning in All languages combined (13.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Masovian Borderland",
"path": [
"gradus"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gradus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Masovian Borderland",
"path": [
"gradus"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gradus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.